Cataract is a rare manifestation of ocular complication at an early phase of T1DM in the pediatric population. The\npathophysiological mechanism of early diabetic cataract has not been fully understood; however, there are many theories about\nthe possible etiology including osmotic damage, polyol pathway, and oxidative stress. The prevalence of early diabetic cataract in\nthe population varies between 0.7 and 3.4% of children and adolescents with T1DM. The occurrence of diabetic cataract in most\npediatric patients is the first sign of T1DM or occurs within 6 months of diagnosis of T1DM. Today, there are many\nexperimental therapies for the treatment of diabetic cataract, but cataract surgery continues to be a gold standard in the\ntreatment of diabetic cataract. Since the cataract is the leading cause of visual impairment in patients with T1DM, diabetic\ncataract requires an initial screening as well as continuous surveillance as a measure of prevention and this should be included\nin the guidelines of pediatric diabetes societies.
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